Grinding machine



Nov. 25, 1941.

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 4, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 k x o CHI-7L. GFLYEHRE 3 i 5 JH/VlEH/QE/UE w o as 33% fire-mm c. G. FLYGARE ET AL 2,264,160

O 25, 1941- c. e. FLYGARE ETAL 2,264,160

GRINDING MACHINE Filed NOV. 4, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet '2 CHRL EFL YG'HHE JaH/v ZEHRS/UE- Nov. 25,1941. c. G. FLYGARE ET AL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 4. 1 s Sheets-Sheet 3 ME .MH/ 3 H 5 5H a. f N m 3 H fi C Y N v 25,1941. c. G. FLYGARE Em 2 264,160

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 4, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 3mm CHRL EFLYEHHE JaH/v [EHRS/OE Nov.25 1941, c. G. FLYGA'RE EW 4 2,26 ,160

GRINDING MACHINE Filed "9" 451939 e Shee' h S-Sheet 5 4 I El -7R4 EFLYEHRE JOHN ZLTHRs/UE *WueJM GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 4, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 5mm EHRL. EFL YEP/R5 JaH/v [.EHRE/UE Patented'Nov. 2 5, 1941 Ganvnmo. MACHlNE Carl G. Flygare, Worcester, and John I. Garside, West Boylston, Mass., assignors to Norton Company, Worcester, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Original application November 4,1939, Serial No. 302,796. Divided and this application October 15, 1940, Serial No. 361,222

6 Claims. .(Cl. 51-72) The invention relates to grinding machines, and more particularly to a multiple wheel slide cylindrical type grinding machine in which the work to be ground is automatically loaded into the machine. This application-is a division of our copending U. S. application Serial No. 302,796, filed November 4, 1939.

One object of the invention is to providea simple, thoroughly practical cylindrical grinding machine in which work pieces are automatically loaded into and removed from the machine. Another object of the invention is to provide an automatically controlled cylindrical grinding machine with a work loading device whereby a work piece may be mechanically conveyed from an endless conveyor into an operating position in the machine.

A further object of the invention is to provide in operative position with relation to the grinding wheel. Other objects will be in part obvious or in part'pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangements of parts, as will be exemplified in the structure to be hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the mechanical features of the invention,

Fig. l is a front elevation of a grinding machine, showing the work. loading mechanism;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the hydraulic piping diagram and also the electrical a hydraulically operated, manually controlled work conveyor mechanism to grip a work piece on a work conveyor adjacent to the machine and to convey it into an operative position into an automatic work loader for automatically loading the work piece into position on the machine. Another object of the invention is to provide a work supporting and rotating mechanism in which the work piece is automatically moved into operative engagement with the headstock center. Another object is to provide a grinding machine in which the work driving mechanism is controlled by the insertion of a work piece into the machine. A further object is to provide a work 'driving mechanism which rotates a work drive pin slowly until it seats in an operative position to rotate the work piece, after which the work iece is automatically sp'eeded up to a normal grinding speed.

A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic work loading and unloading mechanism which is arranged to convey unground work pieces from an operating position on a transversely movable grinding machine steadyrest and to place an unground work piece on said dinally to position the work piece being ground wiring diagram of the machine;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevation and diagram- 3 matic view, on an enlarged scale, of the control lever and switch together with the solenoid valve for controlling the work transferring mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken approximately on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, showing the motor driven table traversing mechanism;

, Fig. 5 is a'fragmentary end elevation of the work steadyrest and its supporting'slides;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary front elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the work steadying rest and work loading mechanism, as shown in'Fig. 1, having parts broken away and shown in section to more clearly show the operating mechanism;

Fig. 'I is a cross sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken approximately on. the line 1-1 of Fig. 6, through the fluid motor for transversely moving the steadyrest unit; j

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary plan view, on an enlarged scale, of the work driving and automatic table locating mechanism, having parts broken away and shown in section to more clearly show the operating construction;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary plan view, on an enlarged scale, of the steadyrest unit, the footstock, and the automatic work loading mechanism;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken approximately on the line Ill-I0 of Fig. 9; and

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view, taken approximately on the line Hll of Fig. 10, showing the guard plate which closes the open side of the clip 221 during the transfer of a work piece. I

A grinding machine of the multiple wheel slide type has been illustrated in the drawings which follows the same general arrangementas that shown in the prior U. S. patent to Wood. and

work support which comprises a headstock 26 having a headstock center 2| and a footstock 22 having a footstock center 23. The headstock center 2| and the footstock center 23 are arranged rotatably tosupport the oppositeends of a work.

piece |9 during a grinding operation. The headstock 26 is preferably electrically driven by means of an electric motor 24 which is mounted on the upper surface of the headstock 20 and which is connected by a V-belt drive (not shown) contained within a casing 25. The belt drive from the motor 24 serves to drivingly rotate a headstock spindle 21 which in turn supports the headstock center 2|.

The work supporting table I6 is arranged to be traversed longitudinally relative to thebase l to facilitate positioning the work piece, such as a crankshaft l9, in a predetermined position for a grinding operation. In the preferred construction, the motor driven traversing mechanism is provided, comprising a reversible electric motor 36 which is mounted within the machine base l5 of the machine. The motor 30 is provided with an armature shaft 3| which supports a gear 32. The gear 32 meshes with a gear 33 which is mounted on the end of a rotatable shaft 34 which is .ioumalled in bearings 35 and 36 formed in the casing 31. The shaft 34 has a worm 38 formed integral therewith which meshes with a worm gear 39. The worm gear 39 has a central threaded aperture which meshes with or engages a stationary non-rotatable screw 46. The screw 40 is supported at its opposite ends by means of a pair of spaced depending brackets 4| and 42. The worm gear 39 is free to rotate on the screw 40 but is held against endwise movement by thrust bearings (not shown) formed within the casing 31. It will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure that when the motor 30 is started, a rotary motion is transmitted through the gear 32, the gear 33, the shaft 34, the worm 38, to rotate the worm gear 39. The worm gear 39, being held against endwise movement relative to its supporting casing 31, produces an endwise movement of the screw 46 and transmits a corresponding endwise move-- ment to the work supporting table l6. The motor 30 is a reversible type motor, consequently it can be rotated in either direction to produce a traversing movement of the table l6 either toward the left or toward the right, as desired.

Table locating mechanism on the end of a slidably mounted rod 41 which is supported in bearings 48 and 49 in the headstock 2|). A spring 50, surrounding the rod 41 and interposed between a collar 5| on the rod to I 41 and an inner surface of the headstock frame, serves normally to move the rod 41 and the feeler arm 45 toward the right (Fig. 2). The rod 41 carries a member 52 on its outer end which is provided with cam faces 53 and 54 which are arranged to engage and actuate electric switches 55 and 56 automatically to close a circuit to cause a rotation of the motor 30 in either direction. Unless the locating surface 46 on the crankshaft I9 is located in th position shown in Fig. 2, one or the other of the switches 55,0r 56 will be moved downwardly-by the cam faces 53 or 54, respectively, to close either the forward or reverse circuit to start the motor 30 and to move the table|6 longitudinally. As soon as the table has been adjusted longitudinally a sufficient amount so that the feeler 45 moves into the position shown in Fig. 2, the member 52 returns the cams 53 and 54 to allow the switches 55 and 56 to return to their uppermost position, thus breaking the circuit to stop the table traverse motor 36 and table l6 when the work piece is located in a predetermined position with respect to the operative faces of the grinding wheel. In order to facilitate setting up the machine for a given work piece, the member 52 is preferably adjustably mounted onthe rod 41, such as by means of opposed nuts (Fig. 8). The switches 55 and 56 are also preferably supported by means ofa bracket 51. The bracket 51 is adjustably supported on a bracket 58 which is fixedly mounted relative to the headstock 20. An adjusting screw 59 is provided to facilitate transverse ad-- justment of the bracket 51. Clamping screws maintain the bracket 51 in fixed relation with the bracket 59. These clampingscrews pass through elongated slots in the bracket 51 and are screw threaded into the bracket 58, thus serving to adjust the switches 55 and 56 transversely relative to their respective cam bases 53 and 54.

Work drive The crankshaft I9 is loaded automatically into the machine in a manner to be hereinafter described, and is moved endwise into operative supporting engagement with the headstock center 2|. A yieldably mounted driving pin 60 is supported on a pivotally mounted member 6| which is pivoted on a stud 62 carried by a face plate63. The face plate 63 is supported on and rotated by the spindle 21. The pin 6| is arranged to engage a hole or aperture 64 in the end of the work piece and is normally held in driving engagement therewith by means of a spring 65. When the crankshaft I9 is placed in the machine and moved into supporting engagement with the center 2|, the pin 60 engages the end face of the crankshaft unless it is aligned with the 10- cating hole or aperture 64. If the pin engages the end face of th work piece, the pin together with the pivotally mounted member 6| rocks in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 8) and a stud 66 carried thereby engages the face of a ringshaped member 61 and moves it toward the left (Fig. 8). The ring-shaped member 61 is carried by a bracket 68 which is supported on a longitudinally slidable rod 69 which is journalled in bearings 10 (only one of which has been shown in Fig. 8). The rod 69 is normally held in its right-hand position (Fig. 8) by means of a compression spring 1| which exerts a pressure on a bracket 12 which is fixedly pinned to the rod The bracket 12 carries an adjustably positioned screw 13 which serves when moved toward the left (Fig. 8) to actuate a limit switch 14. The limit switch 14 is connected in a manner to be hereinafter described, so that when the work-piece I9 is placed in operative position on the .headstock center 2! the headstock motor 24 is started at a slow rate of speed until the driving,

Footstock The footstock 22 is pro ided with a longitudinally movable pindle I5 which is provided at its outer end with a tapered aperture to receive the footstock center 23 so as to support the righthand end of the crankshaft I9. The footstock spindle I5 is preferably moved to and from an operative position by means of a fluid pressure mechanism comprising a cylinder I6 having a piston I1 slidably mounted therein. A spring 18 interposed between the piston I1 and the footstock spindle I5 is arranged yieldably to maintain the footstock center 23 in operative engage ment with the work piece I9 during the grinding operation. Fluid may be admitted through a pipe I9 into a cylinder chamber 89 to cause the piston TI and the spindle I5 together" with the footstock center 23 to move toward the left (Fig. 2) into an operativeposition, or if desired fluid under pressure may be admitted through a pipe 8 I, into a cylinder chamber 82, to cause the piston 11 and footstock center 23 to move to an inoperative position.

The admission of fluid under pressure to the footstock cylinder I6 is preferably controlled by means of a control valve 83 which is preferably a piston type control valve which is actuated by means of a solenoid 84. The solenoid 84 is elec- 'trically connected to be actuated in timed relation with the movements of the other parts of the machine, in a manner to be hereinafter described.

An electrical interlock is provided, including a normally open limit switch 85 which is actuated by a pivotally mounted lever 86 supported on the footstock 22. The lever 86 is actuated to close the switch 85 when the piston 11 is moved into an operative position with the center 23 engaging and supporting the work piece IA). The switch 85 is operatively connected to start the work drive motor 24 to rotate the headstock spindle 21 and the driving pin 69 carried thereby at a slow rate of speed until the driving pin engages the locatingand driving hole'in the end of the work piece I9, after .which the work drive motor 24 is speeded up to rotate the work piece I9 at the normal predetermined grinding speed.

Wheel slide In the grinding of long cylindrical typework pieces, such as spaced bearings on an automobile crankshaft, it is desirable'to provide a plurality of spaced wheel slides in order that the machine may function more efliciently, thus eliminating the necessity of traversing the work table to position successive portions of the work relative to the grinding wheel. In the preferred construction, it is desirable to provide a grinding wheel assembly comprising a pair of spaced grinding wheel slides 99 and 9| which support rotatable wheel spindles 92 and 93, respectively. The wheel spindle 92 supports a pair of spaced grinding wheels 94 and 95. The wheel spindle 93 supports three spaced grinding wheels 96, 91 and 98 which are arranged to simultaneously grind sure to by-pass into the reservoir I99. The feed v .If desired, the two 4 arranged so that cam of the grinding wheels tively. Multiple V-belt drives are provided with-- in the casings I92 and I93, respectively, for drivingly connecting the motors I99 and II, respectively, with the wheel spindles 92 and 93, respectively, to imparta rotary motion to the wheels 94, 95, 96, 91 and 98.

Wheel feeding mechanism A fluid pressure wheel feeding mechanism. is

provided to control the feeding movement and adjustment of the grinding wheel toward and from the w rk support. Independent feed controlling mechanisms are provided for each of the wheel slides 99 and 9|, respectively; so that each wheel slide may be fed independent of the other. introlling mechanisms are and their supporting slides may be fed simultaneously into grinding contact with the work to be ground. The wheel slide 99 is provided with a depending half nut 98 which is diagrammatically shown as projecting from the side of the wheel slide (Fig. 2) and. which meshes with a rotatable feed screw 89. The rotatable feed screw 89 is rotatably supported in bearings (not shown) in the base I5. The feed screw 89 may be rotated manually for adjusting the wheel slide 99 in setting up the machine by a manually operable feeding mechanism to be hereinafter described.

In order that the Wheel slide 99 may be rapidly moved toward the work piece to grind the same by the plunge-cut method, the feed screw 99 is connected to a piston rod I94. -A fluid pressure cylinder I95 is fixedly mounted relative to the base I5 and contains a slidably mounted piston I96 which is connected to or formed integral withthe piston rod I94.

A fluid pressure sy tem is provided for conveying fluid under precsure to operate the wheel feeding mechanism as well as the other mechanisms of the machine which will be hereinafter described. A motor driven fluid pressure pump I9! is arranged to pump fluid through a pipe I98 from a reservoir I99 preferably formed within the base I9, and to force fluid through a pipe I I9 to a feed control valve III which is arranged to control the admission to and exhaust of fluid from the cylinder I95. A pressure relief valve H2 is connected in the pipe line H9 and serves to maintain the desired pressure within the oper ating system by allowing excess fluid under prescontrol valve III is a piston type valve comprising a valve stem II3 having formed integrally therewith valve pistons II4, II5, H6 and III. In the position of the valve illustrated in Fig. 2, fluid under pressure enters the valve chamber located between the valve pistons I I5 and I I 6 and passes through a pipe or passage I I8 into a cylinder chamber II 9 so as to move the piston I96 rearwardly. During the rearward movement of the piston I96, fluid in a cylinder chamber I29 exhausts through a pipe or passage I 2| into a valve chamber located between the valve pistons H4 and H5, and passes out through a pipe. I22 which exhausts into the reservoir I99. A spring I23 normally servesto maintain the valve stem I I3 in the position illustrated in Fig. 2. A solenoid I24 is provided to shift the valve stem II3 upwardly (Fig. 2) to reverse the direction of flow of fluid to and from the feed cylinder I05. This solenoid I24 is interconnected with the other mechanisms of the machine so that it is energized in timed relation with the remainder of the grinding cycle automatically to feed the grinding wheels and their supporting slides toward the work piece at the desired time.

Similarly, the wheel slide 9I is provided with a depending half nut I25 which meshes with or engages a rotatable cross feed screw I26 which is in turn journalledl in suitable bearings (not shown) in the base I5. rotated manually in the usual and well known manner to adjust the position of the wheels 96, 91 and 98, as desired. In the preferred form, however, a fluid pressure feeding and positioning mechanism is provided, comprising a fluid pressure cylinder I21 which is fixedly mounted on the base I of the machine. The cylinder I21 contains a slidably mounted piston I28 which is connected by means of a piston rod I29 with the feed screw I26, so that an endwise movement of the piston I28 and piston rod I29 will transmit a transverse movement to the wheel slide 9I and the grinding wheel supported thereby.

A motor driven fluid pressure pump I30 is mounted in the base of the machine and is arranged to pump fluid through a pipe I3I from the reservoir I09 and to force fluid under pressure through a pipe I32. An adjustable pressure relief valve I33 is connected in the, pipe line I32 to facilitate maintaining the desired operating pressure within the system. Fluid under pressure passing through the pipe I32 is conveyed to a feed control valve I34 which is preferably a piston type control valve comprising a valve stem I35 having formed integrally therewith a plurality of valve pistons I35, I36, I31 and I38. A spring I39 normally holds the valve in the position illustrated in Fig. 2. An electric solenoid I40 is provided and is connected to be actuated automatically in timed relation with the cycle of the machine to shift the feed control valve I34 into its reverse position. Fluid under pressure passing through the pipe I32 enters-a valve chamber located between the valve pistons I36 and I31 and passes through a pipe or passage I4I into a cylinder chamber I42 to cause a rearward movement of'the piston I28 to move the wheel slide 9| and the grinding wheels 96, 91 and 98 supported thereby to an inoperative position. During this rearward movement of the slide, fluid within a cylinder chamber I43 is exhausted through a pipe or passage I44 which enters a valve chamber located between the valve pistons I35 and I36 and passes out through an exhaust pipe I45 which returns the exhaust fluid to the reservoir I09 within the base I5.

Dash pot The pistons and cylinders for feeding the grinding wheels above described produce a rapid approaching or receding movement of the wheel slides 90 and 9I to quickly position the grinding wheels for a grinding operation and to remove them to an inoperative position after a grinding operation has been completed. In order to slow down the approaching movement of the grinding wheels to a slow but uniform feeding movement, a dash pot feed controlling mechanism I46 and I41 is provided adjacent to the rear ends of the cylinders I 05 and I21, which serves to reduce the rapid approaching movement-of the wheels The screw I26 may be' to a relatively slow infeeding movement which continues until a positive stop prevents further advance of the wheel and allows the wheels to grind out or finish grind the work. The dash pot feed controlling mechanisms I46 and I41 have not been illustrated and described in detail in the present application, since these are not considered to be part of the present invention. These mechanisms are identical with that shown in the prior U. S. Patent to Wood and Flygare No. 2,151,669, above referred to, to which reference may be had for details of disclosure not contained herein.

steadyrests In order to accurately grind the spaced portions of the crankshaft I9, it is essential to support the center of the shaft against deflection due to pressures of the grinding wheels. A pair of spaced steadyrests I50 and I5I are provided to engage spaced portions on the work piece I9.

The steadyrests I50 and I5I are identical in construction, consequently only one of these steadyof the steadyrests is provided with a pair of work steadying shoes I52 and I53. The shoe I52 is carried by a horizontally movable member I54 which is adjustable toward and from the axis of the work piece I9 by means of a screw I55. Similarly, the lower steadyrest shoe I53 is supported on the end of a slidably mounted member I56 which is arranged for adjustment by-means of an adjusting screw I51. Lock nuts I58 and I59, respectively, are provided to lock the screws I55 and I51 in adjusted position. An adjustably positioned screw I60 and nut I6I are provided to support the steadyrest shoe I53 at a point directly below the work axis. Each of the steadyrests I and I5I is provided with an under dovetailed shaped surface I62 which mates with a correspondingly shaped surface I53 on a transversely movable slide I64.

In order to load work pieces into alignment with the work centers, it is preferable to employ the work steadyrests for conveying the work piece from a loading position into alignment with the headstock and footstock centers. The

steadyrest supporting slide I64 is, therefore, provided for movement in a transverse direction. The member I 64 is provided with a dovetailed slideway I65 which mates with a dovetailed surface on the upper face of a longitudinally movable slide I66. The member I66 is provided on itsunder surface with a dovetailed slideway I51 which mates with a correspondingly shaped dovetailed surface I66 (Fig. 5) formed on the upper surface of the work table I6, thus providing a structure in which the two steadyrests I50 and I 5I may be moved simultaneously in a transverse direction, that is, normal to the work axis to position a work piece in operative position within the machine, or may be moved longitudinally in a direction parallel to the work axis to complete the loading operation by positioning the work piece in operative engagement with the headstock center and the headstock driving pin.

The transversely movable slide I64 is provided with a depending rack bar" I69 which meshes with a gear I10. The gear I10 is supported on one end of a rotatable shaft I1I which is journalled in suitable bearings I12 and I13 which are fixedly'mounted on the upper surface of the table I6. To facilitate a transverse positioning movement of the steadyrests I50 and I5I together with their supporting slide I64, a fluid motor n is provided for rotating the shaft in. The motor I15 is preferably a single vane type motor comprising a single vane I16 which is supported on a central rotary member I11 which is in turn connected by acoupling I18 with the shaft I1I. When fluid under pressure is admitted through a pipe I19 into a motor chamber I80 (Fig. 7), it causes a counterclockwise movement of the vane I16 which rotates the shaft I1! and the gear I to transmit a transverse move ment through the rack bar I69 to move the slide I64 and the steadyrests I50 and I5I to an inoperative or loading position. During this movement fluid within the motor chamber I8I is exhausted through a pipe I82. When it is desired to move an unground crankshaft into operative position for a grinding operation, fluid under pressure is admitted through the pipe I82 into the motor chamber I8I to produce a clockwise movement of the vane I16 to cause a trans-' verse movement of the slide I64 and the steadyrests I50 and I5I toward the grinding wheels to position a crankshaft into alignment with the headstock center 2| and footstock center 23. Fluid under pressure is conveyed from the pump pin I96 which is moved downwardly as the loader arm approaches a horizontal position to trip .the latch pin 93 and thereby allow the slide I64 to continue its forward movement to transfer the unground shaft I9 into operativeposition in alignment with the work supporting centers 2I and 23, respectively.

Work loading and unloading apparatus -To facilitate maximum production from the machine, an automatically actuated work loade I01, through the pipe H0, and through a pipe I85 to a control valve I86. The control valve I66 is preferably a solenoid operated valve having an electric solenoid I81 to open and close the valve ports. In the position illustrated in Fig. 2, fluid entering the valve I86 passes out through the pipe I82, into the motor chamber I8I, to cause a clockwise movement of the vane I16 (Fig. '1). During this movement fluid under pressure within the chamber I80 exhausts through pipe I19,

through a control valve I88 which is actuated by a a solenoid I98, and passes out through a pipe I90 into the exhaust pipe I which returns the fluid to the reservoir I09. The solenoids I91 and I89 are electrically connected with the other mechanisms of the machine so-th'at the fluid motor I15 is operated in timed relation with the other parts of the machine to produce a desired operating 6 cycle.

A mechanical latch device (Fig.5) is provided to limit the forward movement of the slide I64 carrying the steadyrests I and I5I in a position aligned for loading a shaft I9 into the machine. This latching device comprises a fixed stop abutment I92 which is formed integral with or fixedly mounted on the end face of the transverse slide I64. The abutment I92 is arranged to engage a spring-pressed latch pin I93 when the slide I64 moves toward a loading position automatically to position the steadyrest shoes I52 and I53 to receive the shaft I9 when a loading arm 200 is swung into an operative position. The latch pin I93 projects from the upper end of a spring-pressed plunger I94 which is normally held in an upward position by means of a compression spring I95. The top of the latch Din I93 is angled off on its right-hand side face so that when the slide I64 moves toward the left (Fig. 5), the abutment I92 will force the latch pin I93 downwardly to allow the slide I64 to move to its extreme rearward position.

0n the forward movement of the slide I64, the

abutment I92 engages the left-hand end face I ing and unloading apparatus is provided for removing a finish ground shaft from the steadyrest when in a rearward position and to place an unground shaft on said steadyrest when the slide I64 is moved transversely toward an operative position.

A work loading device has been provided comprising the pivotally mounted work loader arm 200 which is pivotally supported on a stud 20I. The stud 20I is supported in bearings 202 and 203 formed in upwardly extending arms 204 and 205 formed integral with a bracket 206 which is rigidly fastened to the frame of the footstock 22. A crankshaft I9 is loaded into a substantially U-shaped clip 201 formed in the end of the loader 200. The loader arm 200 is normally held in a vertical position, in which position the crankshaft I9 is loaded therein.

A suitable actuating mechanism is provided automatically to swing the loader arm 200 from its normal vertical position into a horizontal position, such as that shown in Figs. 9 and 10, to place the unground crankshaft I9 in supporting engagement with the shoes of thesteadyrests I50 and I5I. In the preferred construction, a fluid pressure mechanism is provided comprising a fluid pressure cylinder 209 having a piston 209 slidably mounted therein. The piston 209 is connected to one end of a piston rod 2I0 which carries a rack bar 2 at its outer end. The rack bar 2 meshes with a gear segment 2I2 which is supported on the stud 20I and fixedly mounted relative to the arm 200. When fluid under pressure is admitted through a pipe 2I3 (Fig. 9) into a cylinder chamber formed at the right-hand end of the cylinder 208, the piston 209, the piston rod 2I0, and the rack bar 2| I are moved toward the left (Fig. 9) which serves to rotate the gear segment to raise the loading arm 200 into its normally vertical position. Similarly, when fluid .rotary movement to the gear segments. 2I2 to swing the loader arm from! its normally vertical position to the full line position shown'in Fig. 9 to position a crankshaft to be ground in supporting engagement .with the steadyrest shoes on the steadyrests I50 and I5I. An arcuate shaped plate 2I5 is fixedly mounted on the footstock 22 and serves to cover the open side of the U-shaped clip- 201 during the swinging movement of the arm 200 until it reaches its lower or horizontal position so as to aid in maintaining the shaft I9 in position during the loading operation.

A solenoid actuated latch I91 is normally held in the path of movement of the work loader arm 200 by means of a tension. spring I98.

A solenoid I99 is energized when the steadyrest cross slide I64 moves forward to a predetermined loading position to withdraw the by a limit switch which is actuated by the transverse movement of the cross slide I64.

A similar unloading or discharge mechanism is provided comprising an. unloader am 220 which ispivotally supported on a stud 22l which is supported in bearing members 222 and 223. The bearing members 222 and 223 are supported in arms 224 and 225 which are formed integral with a base plate or frame 226. The frame 226 is fixedly mounted on a projecting base plate of the footstock 22. The unloading arm 220 is provided with a substantially U-shaped clip 221 which is adapted to support the end of a ground crankshaft as the shaft is moved to an inoperative position by means of the transverse movement of the steadyrest I50 and lil (above described). An actuating mechanism is provided, comprising a fluid pressure cylinder 228 having a piston 229 slidably mounted therein. The piston 228 is connected to one end of a piston rod 230 having a rack bar 23! formed integral with its outer end. The rack bar 23! meshes with a gear segment 232 which is supported on the stud 22I and is fixedly mounted to move the unloader arm 220. When fluid under pressure is admitted through the pipe 233 into a cylinder chamber 234 formed at the right-hand end of the cylinder 228-(Fig. 9), it causes a movement of the piston 228, the piston rod 230, and the rack bar 23| toward the left to rock the gear segment 232 and swing the unloaderarm 220from a horizontal toa vertical position so as to remove a ground crankshaft from position on the steadyrest. Similarly, when fluid under pressure is admitted through a pipe 235 into a cylinder chamber 236 formed at the left-hand end of the cylinder 228, the piston 220, the piston rod 230, and the rack bar 23l are moved toward the rightinto the position illustrated in Fig. 9 to rock the gear segment 232 and to swing the unloading arm 220 from a vertical into 'a horizontal position, as shown in Fig. 9. 4

When the unloader arm 220 is in a horizontal position, the U-shaped clip 221 is positioned in alignment with the end portion of a ground crankshaft [9, so that when the crankshaft I is moved transversely after the work centers have been withdrawn, it is moved into position with the end of the shaft in engagement with the clip 221. A guard plate 231 which is arcuate in shape serves to close the open side of the U-shaped clip 221 when the arm 220 stops its swinging movement toward a vertical position automatically to move the ground crankshaft I8 out of engagement with the steadyrest and into a position where it may be readily removed from the machine in a manner to be hereinafter described.

A control valve 240 is actuated by means of a solenoid 2 and serves to control the admission to and exhaust of fluid from the cylinder 208. Fluid under pressure from the pump I30 passes through the pipe I32 and through a pipe '242 into the valve 240 which is preferably a piston type valve. In the position of the valve (Fig. 2), fluid under pressure passes from the valve 240, through a pipe 243, into a cylinder chamber located at the right-hand end-of the cylinder 208 (Fig. 2), to move the piston 208 toward the left to swing the work loading arm 200 into its normal or ,vertical position; The energization of "the solenoid 24l is preferably controlled automatically in timed relation with the other mechanisms of the machine, so that of the cylinder 208 to move the piston 200 toward the right and to transmit a corresponding movement to the rack bar 2 to swing the work loader arm 200 from a vertical toward a horizontal position.

A control valve 245 which is actuated by means of a solenoid 246 is provided to control the admission of fluid toand the "exhaust of fluid from the cylinder 228. Fluid under pressure from the pipe I32 passes through a pipe 241 and in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, passes out through a pipe 248 into the cylinder chamber at the right-hand end of the cylinder 228 (Fig. 2)' to move the piston 229 and rack bar 2" toward the left so as to swing the work unloading arm :20 into its vertical position.

Similarly, when the solenoid 246 is deenergized, fluid .under pressure from the valve 245 passes through a pipe 248 into a cylinder chamber at the left-hand end of the cylinder 228 to move the piston 228 and the rack bar 231 toward the right (Fig. 2) to swing the work unloading arm 220 in a counterclockwise direction from a vertical toward a horizontal position so as to align the U-shaped clip 221 (Fig. 10) in position to receive the: vend of the ground crankshaft l8 when it is moved transversely from the work supporting center.

' Work conveyor In the large automative plants, -endless conveyors are provided to convey work pieces to the various machines. The work pieces are then removed from the conveyor manually and placed in the machine for a grinding operation, after which they are removed from and again placed on the conveyor to be conveyed to other machines for different operations. The lifting of heavy work pieces from the conveyor into the machine and vice versa.is-fatiguingv upon the crankshafts IS in a position adjacent, to the grinding machine.

A work transfer member 266 is provided with a yoke-shaped end 261 which is arranged to engage and remove a crankshaft I! from one of the work carriers 26l, 262 or 263. The transfer member 266 is supported on a pivotally mounted frame 268 which is in turn supported by means of a vertically arranged stud 268 on the end of a lift am 210. The arm 210 is flx'edly supported at the upper end of a vertically movable fluid pressure cylinder 2". .A piston 212 is slidably mounted within the cylinder 2H and is connected through the upper end of a hollow piston rod 213, the lower end of which is anchored to the baseof the machine. The cylinder 2" is arranged to slide vertically in a central aperture formed within the column 214. A motor driven fluid pressure pump 215 within the base I of the machine conveys fluid from a reservoir 216 through a pip 211 to a solenoid actuated control valve 218 which serves to admit fluid under pressure through a pipe 219, the hollow piston rod 213, into a cylinder chamber 288 formed above the piston 212 to move the cylinder 21! together with the arm 218 and the work transfer mechanism supported thereby in a vertical direction. During this movement, fluid within a cylinder chamber 288a located below the piston 212 is exhausted through a pipe 282 into the reservoir 216.

The solenoid actuated control valve 218 is a piston type valve (Fig. 3) comprising a valve stem 28! having formed integrally therewith a plurality of spaced valve pistons. A pair of balanced springs 283 normally serve to hold the valve 218 in a central orneutral position so that -fluid is held Within the cylinder chambers on both sides of the piston 212 to hold the work transfer stationary. A solenoid 284 serves when energized to move the valve stem 28! toward the right (Fig. 3) to pass fluid under pressure through the pipe 219 to raise the work transfer arm 218 when desired. A solenoid 285 serves when energized to move the valve stem 28! toward the left (Fig. 3) to pass fluid under pressure through the pipe 282 to lower the work transfer arm 218 when desired.

A manually operable control device is provided to facilitate both a swinging and lifting movement of the transfer member 266. A manually operable handle 286 is supported at the lower end of a vertically movable rod 281. The rod 281 is slidably supported in a bracket 288 which is carried by the transfer member 266. A block 289 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the rod 281, and a block 298 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the rod and serves to support the handle 286. A pair of balanced compression springs 29! and 292 serve to normally hold the handle 286 together with the rod 281 and the blocks 289 and 298 in the position illustrated in Fig. 3. An upward movement of the handle 286 serves to close a normally open switch 293 which is connected to energize the solenoid 284 to shift the valve stem 28! toward the right (Fig. 3) to admit fluid under pressure into the cylinder chamber 288 to cause an upward vertical movement of the cylinder. 21! and the arm 218 together with the transfer member 266. Similarly, a downward movement of the handle 28 serves to close a normally open limit switch 294 which in turn serves to energize the solenoid 285 to shift the valve stem 28! toward the left (Fig. 3) to admit fluid under pressure into the lower cylinder chamber 288a to cause a downward movement of the cylinder 21!, the arm 218, and the work transfer member 266. By bodily moving the handle 286 in a transverse direction, the arm 218 together with the cy1inder21I may be rotated about the axis of the cylinder as a pivot and the pivotally mounted frame 268 which supports the work transfer member 266 may be swung about the pivot 269.

It will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure that the operator; by manipulation of the handle 286, may raise the work transfer member 266 and at the same time swing it in a horizontal plane into position to grip a crankshaft supported on the work carrier of the endless conveyor and to swing it downwardly and laterally to transfer the unground work piece into position so that its lower end is supported by the substantially U-shaped clip 281 on the work loading arm 288. The handle 285 may then be moved to withdraw the work transfer member 266 and to swing it so that its yoke-shaped member 261 engages a ground shaft just removed from the machine which is supported in the U-shaped clip 221 formed in the end of the unloading arm 228. The handle 286 may then be manipulated to raise the cylinder 21! and swing the work transfer member 266 to again position the ground crankshaft on a vacant work carrier on the endless conveyor, by means of which the shaft is conveyed to other parts of the factory. An auxiliary handle 295 is provided on the work transfer member 266 to enable the operator to use both hands, if desired, the handle 295 serving to produce a transverse movement of the work transfer member 266, and the handle 286 serving to control the up and down movement thereof in the manner above described. It will bereadily apparent, therefore that either one or both hands may be employed to readily swing the crankshaft from the endless conveyor into position on the loading arm and to remove the ground shaft from the unloading arm and readily transfer it again to the endless conveyor overhead without undue fatigue on the part of the operator.

The operation of the improved crankshaft grinding machine will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure. Assuming all of the parts to have been previously adjusted and a crankshaft has been placed in operative supporting engagement with the headstock center 2! and footstock center 23 and a grinding operation thereof has been completed, as soon as a grinding operation has been completed on a crankshaft IS, the push button switches 388 and 38! are actuated to break a circuit to deenergize the magnetic switches 382 and 383, respectively. The opening of the magnetic switches 382 and 38 3 serves to open magnetic switches 384 and 385, respectively, to deenergize the solenoids I24 and I48,.respectively. The'deenergizing of the solenoid I24 and I48 serves to release the compression 'of the springs I23 and I39, respectively, to shift the control valves II! and I34, respectively, into the positions illustrated in Fig. 2 so as to admit fluid under pressure to move the pistons I86 and I28, respectively, in a rearward direction to remove the wheel slides 98 and 9! together with their respective grinding wheels94', 95, 96,91 and 98 to a rearward or-inoperative position. I

When the wheel slides 98 and 9! reach their rearward position. the limit switches 386 and 381 are automatically closed which serves to close circuits to energize the magnetic switches 389 and 3I8. The energization of the switch 3! 8 serves to energize the solenoid 84 to move the footstock control valve 83 in an upward direction (Fig. 2) to admit fluid ,under pressure through the pipe 8! to the footstock cylinder chamber 82 to cause the piston 11 together with the' spindle 15 and footstock center 23 to move toward the right (Fig. 2) This movement of the footstock to an inoperative position serves through the lever 86 to open the limit switch which in turn stops the work driv motor 24. As the footstock piston 11 continues its movement toward an inoperative position, a lug 3!! carried by an extension of the piston rod serves instantaneously to actuate a switch 3I2 to again energize the magnetic switches 382 and 383, respectively. This, however, has no effect on the mechis again closed by movement of the footstock parts into an operative position.

During the withdrawal of the footstock center to an inoperative position, a lug 3I3 which is fixedly mounted on the footstock spindle 15 engages a lug 8I4 projecting upwardly from the steadyrest supporting slide I64 to move the steadyrests I50 and II together with the silde I66 longitudinally toward the right (Fig. 2). This longitudinal movement of the steadyrests I 50 and I5I moves the ground crankshaft I9 toward the right to withdraw it from engagement with the headstock center 2I and from engagement with the work drive pin 60 so that the ground crankshaft is supported on the steadyrest shoes I52 and I53 of the steadyrests I50 and I5I and the headstock end of the shaft I9 rests on a supporting bracket 3I5 the upper surface of which is shaped to engage and support the shaft during the first part of the unloading operation. p

When the footstock center 23 reaches its righthand or inoperative position (Fig. 2), a normally, open limit switch 322 is closed, which serves to close a circuit to energize the solenoid 246 to shift the valve 245 upward. The shifting of the valve 245 admits fluid under pressure through the pipe 249 into the cylinder chamber at the left of the piston 229 to swing the unloader arm 220 in a counterclockwise directioninto a horizontal position to receive-the ground crankshaft I9. During the downward movement of the unloader arm 220, a lug carried by the arm 220 actuates a switch 3" which serves to energize the solenoid I89 to shift the control valve I88 so as to admit fluid under pressure through the pipe I19 into the fluid motor chamber I80 of the fluid motor I15 to effect a rearward transverse move- This movement of the slide' I64 conveys a ground crankshaft I9 from a position inalignment with the headstock center 2| and footstock center 23 into a position where the end of the crankshaft engages the U-shaped clip 221 at the end of the unloader arm 220. The actuation of the switch 3I1 during the downward swinging movement of the unloader arm 220 serves to break a circuit to deenergize the solenoid I81 so that fluid exhausting from the fluid motor chamber through the pipe I82 may exhaust out through the pipe I45 into the fluid reservoir I09 within the base I 5 of the machine.

As the transversely movable slide I64 carrying the steadyrests I50 and I5I, respectively, approaches its rearward or inoperative position, a lug 3I8 carried by the transverse slide I64 actuates a limit switch (9 to close a magnetic switch 320 which in turn closes a circuit to energize the solenoid 24I which shifts the loader control valve 240 in an upward direction (Fig. 2) to admit fluid under pressure through the pipe 244 into a cylinder chamber at the left-hand end of the piston 209 (Fig; 2) to move the piston 209 toward the right. This movement, through the rack bar 2 and the gear segment 2I2, swings the loader arm 200 in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 2) until an abutment on the loader arm 200 engages the solenoid actuated latch plunger I91. The loader arm 200 has been previously loaded with a new unground crankshaft and the latch I91 holds the loader arm 200 together with the unground crankshaft supported thereby in position just clearing the steadyrests I50 and I5I.

2,264,160 anisms of the machine until the limit switch as When the ground crankshaft I9 moves transversely into operative engagement with the clip 221 at the end of the unloader arm 220, the shaft I9 engages and actuates a limit switch 32I which serves to break the circuit to deenergize the solenoid 246 to allow the unloader control valve 245 to move. into the position as shown in Fig. 2 to admit fluid under pressure through the pipe 248 to cause the unloader piston 229 to move toward the left so as to swing the unloader arm 220 together with the ground crankshaft to a vertical position. The swinging movement of the unloader arm 220 to a vertical position again actuates the switch 3I1 so as to deenergize the solenoid I89 to shift the valve I88 into the position as shown in Fig. 2 and at the same time to energize the solenoid I81 so as to admit fluid under pressure through the valve I86 and the pipe I 82 into the fluid motor chamber I8I to initiate a forward movement of the transversely movable slide I64. The forward movement of the slide I64 together with the steadyrests I50. and I5I continues until the stop abutment I92 formed on a the slide I64 engages the mechanically actuated latch pin I93 positively to limit the forward movement of the slide I64 in a loading position. 'At the same time the lug I 92 stops the transverse movement of the slide I64, a limit switch 32I is closed to energize the solenoid I99 which serves to withdraw the latch I91 against the tension of the spring I98, thus releasing the loader arm 200 and allowing it to continue its movement in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 2).

The unground crankshaft I9 is supported thereby in operative position in engagement with the steadyrest shoes I52 and I53 and also the bracket 3I5. As the loader arm swings into an operative position, the loader arm engages and moves downwardly the plunger I96 which serves to depress the mechanical latch pin I93 to move it out of the path of the stop lug I92, after which the fluid under pressure within the motor chamber I8I may continue the forward transverse movement of the slide I64 to position the un- 7 ground crankshaft in alignment with the headstock center 2| and the footstock center 23. When the transversely movable slide I64 carrying the steadyrests I50 and I5I together with the work piece I9 reaches the forward or operative position, a limit switch 326 is opened to deenergize the magnetic switch 3I0 which in turn opens a circuit to deenergize the solenoid 84, thus shifting the footstock control valve 83 into the position illustrated in Fig. 2 to admit fluid under pressure through the pipe 19 into the cylinder chamber to move the piston 11 together with the footstock spindle 15 and the center 23 toward the left (Fig. 2) into engagement with the footstock end of the crankshaft I9. The movement of the footstock continues and it in turn moves the crankshaft I9 together with the steadyrests I50 and I5I together with the longitudinally movable slide I66 toward the left so as to move the headstock end of the crankshaft into operative engagement with the headstock center 2|. Movement of the footstock into an operative position closes the limit switch which serves to start the headstock motor at a slow speed.

When the driving pin 60 rotates so that it drops into the driving aperture 64 (Fig. 8) in the end of the crankshaft, ,it closes the limit switch 14 which is connected in series with the limit switches 55 and 56 of the table locating device 52. If both of the switches'55 and 56 are closed, as determined by the work feeler arm 45. the magnetic switch 309 is closed to start the work drive motor 24 at the normal grinding speed for the work. If the work piece is not in a predetermined aligned position, either the switch 55 or 56 will be opened due to the movement of the cam 53 or 54, respectively, and the table positioning motor 30 will be rotated in one direction or the other to move the table I6 longitudinally so as to position the work piece I9 accurately in a predetermined location relative to the grinding wheel. After the work has been located, the magnetic switch.309 is then automatically closed. The closing of the switch 309 serves to energize the magnetic switches 304 and 305 through the magnetic switches 306 and 301 which in turn serve to energize the wheel feed solenoid I24 and I40, respectively, to move the valves III and I34 upwardly (Fig. 2)'so as to admit fluid under pressure through the pipe I2I and I44, respectively, to cause a forward feeding movement of the wheel slides 90 and 9|, re-

spectively, to move the wheels 94, 95, 96, 91 and 98 into operative grinding contact with the portions of the work piece to be ground.

A limit switch 321 is mounted on the arcuate guard plate 231 and is arranged so that when the unloader arm 220 swings to a vertical positionwith a crankshaft supported therein, the crankshaft will open the switch 321 and maintain the circuit open so-that the'solenoid 246 cannot be energized or the unloader put through its next cycle until the finish ground crankshaft has been removed therefrom. The above cycle of operation is then continued to grind successive crankshafts.-

Work pieces are conveyed from an overhead endless carrier to the loading arm by a manually controlled hydraulic mechanism, above described, which is controlled by the manually operable handles 286 and 295, respectively.- The operator grasps the handle 286 (Fig. 1) and moves it upwardly which closes the switch 292 to actuate the solenoid 284 to shift the valve 218 toward the right (Fig. 3) so as to admit fluid under pressure to the cylinder chamber 280 to move the cylinder 2" together with the work conveying mechanism including arm 210 upwardly into dotted line position 210a. At the same time, the work carrier head 266 may be swung transversely into dotted line position 2660 by movement of the handle 286 either utilized alone or in combination with the handle 295. The yoked portion 261 is swung into position 2610. into engagement with a portion of the crankshaft I9 which is supported on the endless conveyor, to lift the shaft from the conveyor,

after which the handle 286 is moved downwardly and the carrier 266 swung in a substantially horizontal direction to swing the end of the crankshaft I9 into alignment with the substantially U-shaped clip 20'! on the loader arm 200, thus placing a new unground work piece in position on the loader arm for the next loading operation. The device may then be swung into position so that the yoke 26! will engage and pick up the ground shaft I9 in the unloader arm 220 and by manipulation of the handle 286 the ground shaft may be again reconveyed to the endless conveyor adjacent to the machine.

A normally open limit switch 324 is opened when the loader arm 200 is swung away from a vertical position to open a circuit and thereby render the solenoid I89 inoperative except 9. tion. A normally closed limit switch 325 is opened when the slide I64 supporting the steadyrests I50 and I5I is in the forward or operative position and serves as a safety switch to maintain the solenoid 24I deenergized to hold the loader arm 200 in a vertical position. A normally closed limit switch 326 serves as a safety device to open the switch 3I0 when the steadyrest supporting slide is in a forward or operative position.

It will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure that the heavy crankshaft may be mechanically conveyed into an operative position on the loader and reconveyed from the unloaderto the conveyor and automatically positioned in the machine and ground with the minimum attention on the part of the operator.

It will thus be seen that there has been provided by this invention apparatus in which the various objectshereinabove set forth togetherwith many thoroughly practical advantages are successfully achieved. As many possible em.- bodiments may be made of the above invention and as many changes might bemade in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter hereinbefore set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in alimiting sense.

We claim:

1. In a grinding machine having a rotatable grinding wheel, a transversely movable .slide therefor, a longitudinally movable table, a rotatable work support thereon including a headstock and a foot stock on said table, a rotatable headstock spindle and center, a yieldably mounted work drivingpin'associated therewith, a footstock center, a fluid motor to move said footstock center to and from an operative position,-

means including a motor to rotate the headstock spindle and driving pin, means including a switch actuated by movement of the footstock center to start rotationo'f the headstock spindle and driving pin at a slow speed, and means including a switch actuated by movement of saiddriving pin to'increase the speed the headstock spindle. 2. In a grinding machine having a rotatable grinding wheel, a transversely movable slide therefor, a longitudinally movable table, a rotatable work support thereon including a headstock and a footstock on said table, a rotatable headstock spindle and center, a yieldably mounted work driving pin which is rotatable with said spindle, a footstock center, means including a fiuid motor to move said footstock center. to and from an operative position to move a work piece into supporting engagement with said headstock-center, means including an electric motor to rotate the headstock spindle and driving pin, means including a switch actuated by movement 'of the footstock center into an operative position to start the headstock motor slowly to rotate the headstock spindleand center, and means including a switch actuated by said yieldable driving pin when it moves into operative driving engagement with the work to speed up the headstock motor to rotate the headstock spindle at a normal grinding speed.

3. In a grinding machine having a rotatable grinding I wheel, a transversely movable slide therefor, a longitudinally movable table, a rotatable work support thereon including a headstock and a footstock rotatably to support a work piece, means including a reversible electric moof rotation" of when the loader arm 200 is in a vertical positor to traverse said table longitudinally, and a table locating device including a movable work engaging feeler arm, a pair of spaced electric switches operatively connected to rotate said motor in either direction to transmit a corresponding movement to the table, and operative connections between said feeler and said switches to actuate one or the other of said switches so as to automatically move the table unless the work piece is in a predetermined position with relation to the grinding wheels.

4. In a grinding machine having a rotatable grinding wheel, a transversely movable slide therefor, a longitudinally movable table, a rotatable work support thereon including a headstock and a rootstock rotatably to support a work piece, means including a reversible electric motor to traverse said table longitudinally, and a table locating device including a movable work engaging feeler, a pair of spaced electric switches,

a cam operatively connected to move with said feeler, said cam being arranged to actuate either one or the other of said switches unless the work is in a predetermined position, and operative connections between said switches and said motor to rotate said motor in either direction to transmit a corresponding movement to the table.

5. In a grinding machine having a rotatable grinding wheel, a transversely movable slide therefor, a longitudinally movable table, a rotatable work support thereon including a headstock and a footstock rotatable to support a work piece, a rotatable headstock spindle and center and a yieldably mounted work driving P n associated therewith, means including an electric motor driven table positioning mechanism to move the table in either direction, said traversing 2,a'o4,1oo

mechanism including areversible motor, a nonrotatable screw fixedly mounted on the under side of said table, a rotatable nut thereon, gearing connecting the nut with said motor, and an automatic locating device including a work engaging feeler and electric switches actuated therebyto start said reversible motor in either direction precisely to locate the-table and work piece relative to the grinding wheel.

6. In a grinding machine having a rotatable grinding wheel, a transversely movable slide therefor, a longitudinally movable table, a rotatable work support thereon including a headstock and a footstock on said table, electrically motor driven mechanism to transverse said table in either direction to position a work piece in operative relation with the work piece supported thereon, a headstock spindle and center, a yieldably mounted workdriving pin rotatable with said spindle and center, a footstock center, means including a fluid motor to move said footstock center, means including a motor to" rotate the headstock spindle and driving pin, means including a switch actuated by movement of the footstock center to start the headstock motor to ro- 

